Never Mind? - Mindfulness and Competent Intercultural Interaction
Abstract
The ultimate goal of intercultural communication research and education has been or should be to have successful intercultural interactions and build productive intercultural relationships. A close examination of 42 pairs of email exchanges between college students in the U.S. and China during spring 2011 shows how mindfulness shapes positively intercultural interactions. It describes three manifestations of mindfulness, five salient features of mindful intercultural email interaction, and three functions of mindfulness in intercultural interaction. The implications, limitations, and directions for future research are also discussed.
Full text article
References
Anderson, J. W. (1994). A comparison of Arab and American concept of "effective" persuasion. In L. Samovar & R. Porter (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (7:th) (pp. 104-113). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Brown, P., & Levinson, L. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511813085
Cegala, D. J. (1984). Affective and cognitive manifestations of interaction involvement during unstructured and competitive interactions. Communication Monographs, 51, 320-338.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758409390205
Chen, G. M., & Starosta, W. G. (1998). A review of the concept of intercultural awareness. Human Communication, 2, 27-54.
Cupach, W. R. & Imahori, T. T. (1993). Identity management theory: Communication competence in intercultural episodes and relationships. In R. L. Wiseman & J. Koester (Eds.), Intercultural communication competence (pp. 112-131). Newbury Park, CA: Sage
Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5-18.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5
Gao, G., & Ting-Toomey, S. (1998). Communicating effectively with the Chinese. Sage.
https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452220659
Giles, H. (Ed.) (1977). Language, ethnicity, and intergroup communication. London: Academic Press.
Gudykunst, W. B. (1992). Being perceived as a competent communicator. In W. B. Gudykunst & Y. Y. Kim (Eds.), Readings on communicating with strangers (pp.382-392). New York: McGraw Hills.
Gudykunst, W. B. (1993). Toward a theory of effective interpersonal and intergroup communication: An anxiety/uncertainty management perspective. In R. L. Wiseman & J. Koester (Eds.), Intercultural communication competence (pp. 33-71). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Gudykunst, W. B. (1995). Anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory: Current status. In R. L. Wiseman (Ed.), Intercultural communication theory (pp. 8-58). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gudykunst, W. B. (2005). An anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory of effective communication: Making the mesh of the net finer. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theories about intercultural communication (pp. 281-322). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gudykunst, W. B., & Hammer, M. R. (1988). Strangers and hosts: An uncertainty reduction based theory of intercultural adaptation. In Y. Y. Kim & W. B. Gudykunst (Eds.), Cross-cultural adaptation: Current approaches (pp. 106-139). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Gudykunst, W. B., Young, S. M., & Nishida, T. (1987). Cultural differences in self-consciousness and unself-consciousness. Communication Research, 14, 7-36.
https://doi.org/10.1177/009365087014001002
Hall, B. 'J' (2003). Among cultures: The challenge of communication (2:nd). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Imahori, T. T. & Cupach, W. R. (2005). Identity management theory: Facework in intercultural relations. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theories about intercultural communication (pp. 195-210). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Langer, E. J. (1989). Mindfulness. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
Li, H. Z. (1999). Grounding and information communication in intercultural and intracultural dyadic discourse. Discourse Processes, 28, 195-215.
https://doi.org/10.1080/01638539909545081
Pearce, B. (2005). The coordinated management of meaning (CMM). In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theories about intercultural communication (pp. 35-54). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Randolph, G., Landis, D., & Tzeng, O. (1977). The effects of time and practice upon cultural assimilator training. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 1, 105-119.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(77)90034-7
Shafir, R. Z. (2009). Mindful listening. In J. Stewart (Ed.), Bridges not walls: A book about interpersonal communication (pp. 219-224). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Spitzberg, B. H., & Cupach, W. R. (1984). Interpersonal communication competence. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Spradley, J. (1980). Participant observation. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Ting-Toomey, S. (1994). Managing conflict in intimate intercultural relationships. In D. Cahn (Ed.), Intimate conflict in personal relationships. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Ting-Toomey, S. (2005). The matrix of face: An updated face-negotiation theory. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theories about intercultural communication (pp. 71-92). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003252955-8
Wiseman, R. L. (2003). Intercultural communication competence. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Cross-cultural and intercultural communication (pp. 191-208). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Wiseman, R. L., Hammer, M., & Nishida, N. (1989). Predictors of intercultural communication competence. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 13, 349-370.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2013 Yanrong (Yvonne) Chang

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This journal provides immediate and free open access to all its content and is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This means readers are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, as long as proper attribution is given. This policy is consistent with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI) definition of open access.
Article Details
How to Cite
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Yanrong (Yvonne) Chang, A Qualitative Study of Intercultural Friendship through New Social Media , Journal of Intercultural Communication: Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021)