North American Academics in East Asia: Life in the English-speaking Enclave

Eva Maria Luef (1)
1. Faculty of Arts, Department of English and ELT Methodology, Charles University Prague, nám. Jana Palacha 2, 116 38, Prague 1, Czech Republic

Abstract

While the hiring of international faculty is increasing among competitive universities, some universities face a major challenge in doing so: their foreign hires do not speak the primary language of instruction of that university. This study examines the host country language skills of expatriate academics in two countries: Korea and Japan. Specifically, this study investigates (a) the study effort invested and (b) the language proficiency achieved by native English-speaking professors on tenure track positions. Expatriate faculty had several predictors of their language learning success. Specifically, the well-known factors facilitating language learning played important roles. The findings are discussed within the framework of sociocultural adjustment and career prospects that exist for expatriate professors in Korean and Japanese higher education.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Bader, A.K., F.J. Froese & A. Kraeh (2016). Clash of cultures? German expatriates’ work-life boundary adjustment in South Korea. European Management Review, 15(3): 357-374. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Bak, T.H., M.R. Long, M. Vega-Mendoza & A. Sorace (2016). Novelty, challenge, and practice: The impact of intensive language learning on attentional functions. PLoS ONE, 11(4), e0153485. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153485 Google Scholar | Crossref | WorldCat

Bhaskar-Shrinivas, P., D.A. Harrison, M.A. Shaffer & D.M. Luk (2005). Input-based and time-based models of international adjustment: Meta-analytical evidence and theoretical extensions. Academy of Management Journal, 48(2): 257-281. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Black, J.S., M.E. Mendenhall & G. Oddou (1991). Toward a comprehensive model of international adjustment: An integration of multiple theoretical perspectives. Academy of Management Review, 16(2): 291-317. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Bordia, S., & P. Bordia (2015). Employees’ willingness to adopt a foreign functional language in multilingual organizations: The role of linguistic identity. Journal of International Business Studies, 46: 415-428. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Byun, K., J.-E. Jon & D. Kim (2013). Quest for building world-class universities in South Korea: Outcomes and consequences. Higher Education, 65: 645-659. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Chan, K.L. (2017). The world's most powerful languages. Knowledge, May 22, 2017. https://knowledge.insead.edu/leadership-organisations/the-worlds-most-powerful-languages-6156 (accessed August 1, 2020). Google Scholar | WorldCat

Dörnyei, Z. (2005). Psychology of the Language Learner: Individual Differences in Second Language Acquisition. Malden, MA, USA: Blackwell Publishing. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Dörnyei, Z. & A.H. Al-Hoorie (2017). The motivational foundation of learning languages other than Global English: Theoretical Issues and research directions. The Modern Language Journal, 101(3): 455-468. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Doughty, C.J. (2019). Cognitive language aptitude. Language Learning, 69(S1): 101-126. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Field, A. (2005). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. London: Sage Publications. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Fox, J. & G. Monette (1992). Generalized collinearity diagnostics. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 87: 178-183. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Freed, B., N. Segalowitz & D.P. Dewey (2004). Context of learning and second language fluency in French: Comparing regular classroom, study abroad, and intensive domestic immersion programs. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26(2): 275-301. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Froese, F.J. (2010). Acculturation experiences in Korea and Japan. Culture & Psychology, 16(3): 333-348. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Froese, F.J. (2012). Motivation and adjustment of self-initiated expatriates: The case of expatriate academics in South Korea. International Journal of Resource Management, 23(6): 1095-1112. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Froese, F.J. & V. Peltokorpi (2011). Cultural distance and expatriate job satisfaction. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(1): 49-60. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Froese, F.J., V. Peltokorpi & K.A. Ko (2012). The influence of intercultural communication on cross-cultural adjustment and work attitudes: Foreign workers in South Korea. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36(3): 331-342. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Green, C. (2015). Internationalization, deregulation and the expansion of higher education in Korea: An historical overview. International Journal of Higher Education, 4(3): 1-13. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Gress, D. & L. Ilon (2009). Successful integration of foreign faculty into Korean universities: A proposed framework. KEDI Journal of Educational Policy, 6(2): 183-204. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Harzing, A.-W. & A.J. Feely (2008). The language barrier and its implications for HQ-subsidiary relationships. Cross-Cultural Management: An International Journal, 15(1): 49-61. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Huang, F. (2017). Who are they and why did they move to Japan? An analysis of international faculty at universities. Center for Global Higher Education working paper 27. Higher Education Funding Council for England. https://www.academia.edu/download/54637364/wp27.pdf (accessed August 1, 2020). Google Scholar | WorldCat

Lauring, J. (2008). Rethinking social identity theory in international encounters: Language use as a negotiated object for identity making. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 8(3): 343-361. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Lee, H. & K. Lee (2013). Publish (in international indexed journals) or perish: Neoliberal ideology in a Korean university. Language Policy, 12: 215-230. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Luef, E.M., B. Ghebru & L. Ilon (2018). Apps for language learning: Their use across different languages in a Korean context. Interactive Learning Environments, http://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1558255 Google Scholar | Crossref | WorldCat

Luef, E.M., B. Ghebru & L. Ilon (2019). Language proficiency and smartphone-aided second language learning: A look at English, German, Swahili, Hausa, and Zulu. Electronic Journal of E-Learning, 17(1): 25-37. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Luef, E.M., & J.-S. Sun (2019). Würfel (Sg.) und Würfel (Pl.) sind keine Homophone: Fremdsprachlicher Phonetikunterricht als Online-Klasse. 독어교육 (Journal of the Korean Society for the Didactics of the German Language), 74: 33-62. Google Scholar | WorldCat

McClure, J.W. (2007). International graduates' cross-cultural adjustment: Experiences, coping strategies, and suggested programmatic responses. Teaching in Higher Education, 12(2): 199-217. Google Scholar | WorldCat

McNeill, D. (2008). South Korea seeks a new role as a higher-education hub. Chronicle of Higher Education, 54(28): A1. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Ortiga, Y., M.-H. Chou, G. Sondhi & J. Wang (2018). Working within the aspiring center: Professional status and mobilities among migrant faculty in Singapore. Higher Education Policy, 32: 149-166. http://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-017-0078-0 Google Scholar | Crossref | WorldCat

Peltokorpi, V. (2007). Intercultural communication patterns and tactics: Nordic expatriates in Japan. International Business Review, 16(1): 68-82. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Peltokorpi, V. (2008). Cross-cultural adjustment of expatriates in Japan. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(9): 1588-1606. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Peltokorpi, V. (2010). Intercultural communication in foreign subsidiaries: The influence of expatriates’ language and cultural competencies. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 26(2): 176-188. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Peltokorpi, V. & F.J. Froese (2009). Organizational expatriates and self-initiated expatriates: Who adjusts better to work and life in Japan? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(5): 1096-1112. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Ronen, S., B. Goncalves, K.Z. Hu, A. Vespignani, S. Pinker & C.A. Hidalgo (2014). Links that speak: The global language network and its association with global fame. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(52): E5616-E5622. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Rose, H. & J. McKinley (2018). Japan's English-medium instruction initiatives and the globalization of higher education. Higher Education, 75(1): 11-129. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Rubin, J. (2005). The expert language learner: A review of good language learner studies and learner strategies. In K. Johnson (ed.), Expertise in Second Language Learning and Teaching (37-63). London: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Saisana, M., B. d'Hombres & A. Saltelli (2011). Rickety numbers: Volatility of university rankings and policy implications. Research Policy, 40(1): 165-177. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Saito, K., J.-M. Dewaele & K. Hanzawa (2017). A longitudinal investigation of the relationship between motivation and late second langauge speech learning in classroom settings. Language and Speech, 60(4): 614-632. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Selmer, J. & J. Lauring (2015). Host country language ability and expatriate adjustment: The moderating effect of language difficulty. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(3): 401-420. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Selmer, J. (2001). Adjustment of Western European vs. North American expatriate managers in China. Personnel Review, 30(1): 6-21. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Selmer, J. (2006). Language ability and adjustment: Western expatriates in China. Thunderbird International Business Review, 48(3): 347-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.20099 Google Scholar | Crossref | WorldCat

Takeuchi, R., S. Yun & J.E.A. Russell (2002). Antecedents and consequences of the perceived adjustment of Japanese expatriates in the USA. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(8): 1224-1244. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Trembath, J.L. (2016). The professional lives of expatriate academics: Construct clarity and implications for expatriate management in higher education. Journal of Global Mobility, 4(2): 112-130. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Tsuneyoshi, R. (2018). Globalization and Japanese “Exceptionalism” in Education: Insiders' Views into a Changing System. New York: Routledge. Google Scholar | WorldCat

U.S. Department of State (2018). Foreign language training: Foreign Language Institute. FSI's experience with language learning. https://www.state.gov/foreign-language-training (accessed August 1, 2020). Google Scholar | WorldCat

Welch, D., L. Welch & R. Piekkari (2005). Speaking in tongues: The importance of language in international management processes. International Studies of Management & Organization, 35(1): 10-27. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Whitsed, C. & S. Volet (2011). Fostering the intercultural dimensions of internationalization in higher education: Metaphors and challenges in the Japanese context. Journal of Studies in International Education, 15(2): 146-170. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Wilczewski, M., A.-M. Søderberg & A. Gut (2018). Intercultural communication within a Chinese subsidiary of a Western MNC: Expatriate perspectives on language and communication issues. Multilingua: Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 37(6): 587-611. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Yamao, S. & T. Sekiguchi (2015). Employee commitment to corporate globalization: The role of English langauge proficiency and human resource practices. Journal of World Business, 50(1): 168-179. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Zhang, L.E. & A-W. Harzing (2016). From dilemmatic struggle to legitimized indifference: Expatriates’ host country language learning and its impact on the expatriate-HCE relationship. Journal of World Business, 51(5): 774-786. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Zhang, L.E., A.-W. Harzing & S.X. Fan (2018). Host country language: Why it matters, and why expatriates need to learn it. In L.E. Zhang, A.-W. Harzing & S.X. Fan (eds.), Managing Expatriates in China: Palgrave Studies in Chinese Management (55-89). London: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Zhang, L.E. & V. Peltokorpi (2015). Multifaceted effects of host country language proficiency in expatriate cross-cultural adjustments: A qualitative study in China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(13): 1448-1469. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Authors

Eva Maria Luef
eluef@gl-sec.com (Primary Contact)
Author Biography

Eva Maria Luef

Eva Maria Luef is a faculty member at Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. Her research focuses on linguistic anthropology and psycho-acoustics of speech and spans various languages including English, German, Korean, and African languages.

Luef, E. M. (2020). North American Academics in East Asia: Life in the English-speaking Enclave. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 20(2), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v20i2.305

Article Details

How to Cite

Luef, E. M. (2020). North American Academics in East Asia: Life in the English-speaking Enclave. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 20(2), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v20i2.305