Cultural Values and Digital Discourse An Intercultural Communication Approach to the Transactional Discourse of Spanish and US Sales Websites

Francisco Miguel Ivorra Pérez (1)
1. Departamento de Filología Inglesa Facultad de Filosofía y Letras (Filología) University of Alicante (Spain)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of the cultural dimension of masculinity (Hofstede 1991) on the linguistic variables that shape the transactional discourse of Spanish and US sales websites when transmitting information about their products. It is hypothesized that the different cultural orientations that both countries hold with respect to Hofstede’s masculinity indexes may promote different professional discourse cultures. The corpus consists of 100 sales websites from the toy industry (50 from Spain and 50 from the USA). Both a qualitative and quantitative analysis is followed. The results obtained reveal significant differences in the way Spanish and US companies describe and promote their products on-line as a result of their different cultural values.

Full text article

Generated from XML file

References

Ahmed, T., Mouratidis, H. & Preston, D. (2009). Website design guidelines: high-power distance and high-context culture. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education2.1, 47-60. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Albers-Miller, N. & Gelb, B. (1996). Business advertising appeals as mirror of cultural dimensions: a study of eleven countries. Journal of Advertising25.4, 57-70. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Bennet, Milton J. (1998). Intercultural communication: a current perspective. In Milton J. Bennet (Ed.), Basic Concepts of Intercultural Communication. Selected Readings. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press, Inc. 1-34. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Blum-Kulka, S., House, J. & Kasper, G. (1989). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex Publishing Corporation. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Brown, P. & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness. Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Cho, B., Kwon, U., Gentry, J. W., Jun, S. & Kropp, F. (1999). Cultural values reflected in theme and execution: a comparative study of U.S. and Korean Television. Journal of Advertising28.4, 59-73. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Cho, C. H. & Cheon, H. J. (2005). Cross-cultural comparisons of interactivity on corporate web sites. Journal of Advertising 32.2, 99-115. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Clark, T. (1990): International marketing and national character: a review and proposal for an integrative theory. Journal of Marketing50, 66-79. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Clyne, M. (1994). Intercultural Communication at Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar | WorldCat

De Mooij, M. (1998). Global Marketing and Advertising. Understanding Cultural Paradoxes. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Díaz, F.J. (2003). La cortesía verbal en inglés y en español. Actos de habla y pragmática intercultural. Jaén: Publicaciones de la Universidad de Jaén. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Gibson, R. (2000). Intercultural Business Communication. Oxford: OUP. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Grande, I. (2004). Marketing Crosscultural. Madrid: ESIC. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Grice, P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J. Morgan, (Eds.), Syntax and Semantic vol 3: Speech Acts (pp. 45-47). Nueva York: Academic Press. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Guillén, V. (2009). Crossing disciplines in intercultural communication research. In V. Guillén, Ch. Vargas, & C. Marimón, (Eds.), Intercultural Business Communication and Simulation and Gaming Methodology (pp. 29-64). Peter Lang. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Guillén, V. (2006). Globalization vs. cultural diversity: considerations of communicative styles in intercultural business interaction. XXIV Congreso Internacional AESLA: Aprendizaje de lenguas, uso del lenguaje y modelación cognitiva: perspectivas aplicadas entre disciplinas. Madrid: UNED. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. New York: Anchor Books. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Hall. E.T. (1998). The power of hidden differences. In J. Milton Bennet (ed.), Basic Concepts of Intercultural Communication. Selected Readings. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press, Inc., 53-68. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Hampden-Turner, Ch. & Trompenaars, A. (2000). Building Cross-Cultural Competence: How to Create Wealth from Conflicting Values. Great Britain: Wiley. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Hickey, L. & Stewart, M. (2005). Politeness in Europe. Multilingual Matters. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Hofstede, G. (1991). Culture and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London: Profile Books. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Kaplan, R. B. (1966). Cultural thought patterns in intercultural education. Language Learning,16, 1-20. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Lewis, R. (1996). When Cultures Collide. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Lin, C.A. (1993). Cultural differences in messages strategies: a comparison between American and Japanese TV Commercials. Journal of Advertising Research33.4, 40-48. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Loukianenko, M. (2008). Different culture-different discourses. Rhetorical patterns of business letters by English and Russian speakers. In U. Coonor, E. Nagelhout, and W. Rozycki, (Eds.), Contrastive Rhetoric. Reaching to Intercultural Rhetoric (pp. 87-121). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Marcus, A. & Gould, E.W. (2000). Cultural dimensions and global web user-interface design: What? So What? Now What?. Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Human Factors and the Web. Austin, Texas. Retrieved from http://www.amanda.com/resources/hfweb2000/AMA_CultDim.pdf Google Scholar | WorldCat

Marcus, A. & Baumgartner, V. J. (2004). A visible language analysis of user-interface design components and culture dimensions. Visible Language38.1, 2-65. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Márquez, R. (1997). Politeness phenomena in British English and Uruguayan Spanish: the case of requests. A Journal of English and American Studies, 18, 159-167. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Moreno, A. I. (2008). The importance of comparable corpora in cross-cultural studies. In U. Connor, E. Nagelhout, and W. Rozycki, (Eds.), Contrastive Rhetoric: Reaching to Intercultural Rhetoric (pp.25-41). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Mueller, B. (1987). Reflections of culture: an analysis of Japanese and American advertising appeals. Journal of Advertising Research27.3, 51-59. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Pollay, R. W. (1983). Measuring the cultural values manifest in advertising”. In J.H. Leigh and C.R. Martin, (Eds.), Current Issues and Research in Advertising (pp. 79-92). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Scollon, R. & Wong Scollon, S. (1995). Intercultural Communication: a Discourse Approach. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Simon, J. (1999). A cross-cultural analysis of web site design: an empirical study of global web users. Paper Presented at the Seventh Cross-Cultural Consumer and Business Studies Research Conference. Cancun: Mexico. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Singh, N., Zhao, H., & Hu, X. (2003). Cultural adaptation on the web: a study of American companies’ domestic and Chinese web sites. Journal of Global Information Management 11.3, 63-81. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Singh, N. & Baack, W.D. (2004). Studying cultural values on the web: a cross-cultural study of U.S. and Mexican Web Sites. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 9.4. Retrieved from http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol9/issue4/ Google Scholar | WorldCat

Singh, N. & Boughton, P.D. (2004). Measuring web site globalization: a cross-sectional country and industry level analysis. Journal of Web Site Promotion (in press). Retrieved from http://www.haworthpressinc.com Google Scholar | WorldCat

Singh, N. & Matsuo, H. (2004). Measuring cultural adaptation on the web: a study of U.S. and Japanese websites. Journal of Business Research, 57.8, 864-872. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Singh, N. & Pereira, A. (2005). The Culturally Customized Web Site. Customizing Web Sites for the Global Marketplace. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Stewart, E., Danielian, J., and Foster, R. (1998). Cultural assumptions and values. In Milton J. Bennet, (ed.), Basic Concepts of Intercultural Communication. Selected Readings. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press, Inc., 157-172. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Tannen, D. (1994). Gender and Discourse. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Trompenaars, A. (1993). Riding the Waves of Culture: Understanding Diversity in Global Business. Londres: The Economist Books. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Trosborg, A. (1995). Interlanguage Pragmatics. Requests, Complaints and Apologies. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Tylor, E. B. (1871). La ciencia de la cultura. In J. S. Kahn (1975). El Concepto de Cultura. Textos Fundamentales (pp. 29-46). Barcelona: Anagrama. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Walker, D., Walker, T. & Schmitz, J. (2003). Doing Business Internationally: The Guide to Cross-Cultural Success. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Wierzbicka, A. (1991). Cross-Cultural Pragmatics. The Semantics of Human Interaction. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Würtz, E. (2005). A cross-cultural analysis of websites from high-context cultures and low-context cultures. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11.1, article 13. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Retrieved from http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol11/issue1/wuertz.html Google Scholar | WorldCat

Zhang, J. & Gelb, B. (1996). Matching advertising appeals to culture: the influence of products’ use conditions. Journal of Advertising, 25.3, 29-46. Google Scholar | WorldCat

Authors

Francisco Miguel Ivorra Pérez
(Primary Contact)
Author Biography

Francisco Miguel Ivorra Pérez

Francisco Miguel Ivorra Pérez, PhD, is a lecturer of English language in the English Studies Department at the University of Alicante, Spain. His main areas of research include intercultural pragmatics, discourse analysis and ESP. He has published different articles and book chapters related to this line of research.

Pérez, F. M. I. (2014). Cultural Values and Digital Discourse An Intercultural Communication Approach to the Transactional Discourse of Spanish and US Sales Websites. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 14(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v14i3.679

Article Details

How to Cite

Pérez, F. M. I. (2014). Cultural Values and Digital Discourse An Intercultural Communication Approach to the Transactional Discourse of Spanish and US Sales Websites. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 14(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v14i3.679